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-/* Arduino SdFat Library
- * Copyright (C) 2009 by William Greiman
- *
- * This file is part of the Arduino SdFat Library
- *
- * This Library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with the Arduino SdFat Library. If not, see
- * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-/**
-\mainpage Arduino SdFat Library
-<CENTER>Copyright &copy; 2009 by William Greiman
-</CENTER>
-
-\section Intro Introduction
-The Arduino SdFat Library is a minimal implementation of FAT16 and FAT32
-file systems on SD flash memory cards. Standard SD and high capacity
-SDHC cards are supported.
-
-The SdFat only supports short 8.3 names.
-
-The main classes in SdFat are Sd2Card, SdVolume, and SdFile.
-
-The Sd2Card class supports access to standard SD cards and SDHC cards. Most
-applications will only need to call the Sd2Card::init() member function.
-
-The SdVolume class supports FAT16 and FAT32 partitions. Most applications
-will only need to call the SdVolume::init() member function.
-
-The SdFile class provides file access functions such as open(), read(),
-remove(), write(), close() and sync(). This class supports access to the root
-directory and subdirectories.
-
-A number of example are provided in the SdFat/examples folder. These were
-developed to test SdFat and illustrate its use.
-
-SdFat was developed for high speed data recording. SdFat was used to implement
-an audio record/play class, WaveRP, for the Adafruit Wave Shield. This
-application uses special Sd2Card calls to write to contiguous files in raw mode.
-These functions reduce write latency so that audio can be recorded with the
-small amount of RAM in the Arduino.
-
-\section SDcard SD\SDHC Cards
-
-Arduinos access SD cards using the cards SPI protocol. PCs, Macs, and
-most consumer devices use the 4-bit parallel SD protocol. A card that
-functions well on A PC or Mac may not work well on the Arduino.
-
-Most cards have good SPI read performance but cards vary widely in SPI
-write performance. Write performance is limited by how efficiently the
-card manages internal erase/remapping operations. The Arduino cannot
-optimize writes to reduce erase operations because of its limit RAM.
-
-SanDisk cards generally have good write performance. They seem to have
-more internal RAM buffering than other cards and therefore can limit
-the number of flash erase operations that the Arduino forces due to its
-limited RAM.
-
-\section Hardware Hardware Configuration
-
-SdFat was developed using an
-<A HREF = "http://www.adafruit.com/"> Adafruit Industries</A>
-<A HREF = "http://www.ladyada.net/make/waveshield/"> Wave Shield</A>.
-
-The hardware interface to the SD card should not use a resistor based level
-shifter. SdFat sets the SPI bus frequency to 8 MHz which results in signal
-rise times that are too slow for the edge detectors in many newer SD card
-controllers when resistor voltage dividers are used.
-
-The 5 to 3.3 V level shifter for 5 V Arduinos should be IC based like the
-74HC4050N based circuit shown in the file SdLevel.png. The Adafruit Wave Shield
-uses a 74AHC125N. Gravitech sells SD and MicroSD Card Adapters based on the
-74LCX245.
-
-If you are using a resistor based level shifter and are having problems try
-setting the SPI bus frequency to 4 MHz. This can be done by using
-card.init(SPI_HALF_SPEED) to initialize the SD card.
-
-\section comment Bugs and Comments
-
-If you wish to report bugs or have comments, send email to fat16lib@sbcglobal.net.
-
-\section SdFatClass SdFat Usage
-
-SdFat uses a slightly restricted form of short names.
-Only printable ASCII characters are supported. No characters with code point
-values greater than 127 are allowed. Space is not allowed even though space
-was allowed in the API of early versions of DOS.
-
-Short names are limited to 8 characters followed by an optional period (.)
-and extension of up to 3 characters. The characters may be any combination
-of letters and digits. The following special characters are also allowed:
-
-$ % ' - _ @ ~ ` ! ( ) { } ^ # &
-
-Short names are always converted to upper case and their original case
-value is lost.
-
-\note
- The Arduino Print class uses character
-at a time writes so it was necessary to use a \link SdFile::sync() sync() \endlink
-function to control when data is written to the SD card.
-
-\par
-An application which writes to a file using \link Print::print() print()\endlink,
-\link Print::println() println() \endlink
-or \link SdFile::write write() \endlink must call \link SdFile::sync() sync() \endlink
-at the appropriate time to force data and directory information to be written
-to the SD Card. Data and directory information are also written to the SD card
-when \link SdFile::close() close() \endlink is called.
-
-\par
-Applications must use care calling \link SdFile::sync() sync() \endlink
-since 2048 bytes of I/O is required to update file and
-directory information. This includes writing the current data block, reading
-the block that contains the directory entry for update, writing the directory
-block back and reading back the current data block.
-
-It is possible to open a file with two or more instances of SdFile. A file may
-be corrupted if data is written to the file by more than one instance of SdFile.
-
-\section HowTo How to format SD Cards as FAT Volumes
-
-You should use a freshly formatted SD card for best performance. FAT
-file systems become slower if many files have been created and deleted.
-This is because the directory entry for a deleted file is marked as deleted,
-but is not deleted. When a new file is created, these entries must be scanned
-before creating the file, a flaw in the FAT design. Also files can become
-fragmented which causes reads and writes to be slower.
-
-Microsoft operating systems support removable media formatted with a
-Master Boot Record, MBR, or formatted as a super floppy with a FAT Boot Sector
-in block zero.
-
-Microsoft operating systems expect MBR formatted removable media
-to have only one partition. The first partition should be used.
-
-Microsoft operating systems do not support partitioning SD flash cards.
-If you erase an SD card with a program like KillDisk, Most versions of
-Windows will format the card as a super floppy.
-
-The best way to restore an SD card's format is to use SDFormatter
-which can be downloaded from:
-
-http://www.sdcard.org/consumers/formatter/
-
-SDFormatter aligns flash erase boundaries with file
-system structures which reduces write latency and file system overhead.
-
-SDFormatter does not have an option for FAT type so it may format
-small cards as FAT12.
-
-After the MBR is restored by SDFormatter you may need to reformat small
-cards that have been formatted FAT12 to force the volume type to be FAT16.
-
-If you reformat the SD card with an OS utility, choose a cluster size that
-will result in:
-
-4084 < CountOfClusters && CountOfClusters < 65525
-
-The volume will then be FAT16.
-
-If you are formatting an SD card on OS X or Linux, be sure to use the first
-partition. Format this partition with a cluster count in above range.
-
-\section References References
-
-Adafruit Industries:
-
-http://www.adafruit.com/
-
-http://www.ladyada.net/make/waveshield/
-
-The Arduino site:
-
-http://www.arduino.cc/
-
-For more information about FAT file systems see:
-
-http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/system/platform/firmware/fatgen.mspx
-
-For information about using SD cards as SPI devices see:
-
-http://www.sdcard.org/developers/tech/sdcard/pls/Simplified_Physical_Layer_Spec.pdf
-
-The ATmega328 datasheet:
-
-http://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/prod_documents/doc8161.pdf
-
-
- */